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almogavars
Almogavars ((スペイン語:almogávares), (アラゴン語:almugávares), (カタルーニャ語、バレンシア語:almogàvers) and (ポルトガル語:almogávares)) is the name of a class of soldier from many Christian Iberian kingdoms in the later phases of the Reconquista, during the 13th and 14th centuries.〔 Almogavars were lightly clad, quick-moving frontiersmen and foot-soldiers. They hailed from the Kingdom of Aragon, the Principality of Catalonia, the Kingdom of Valencia, the Crown of Castile and the Kingdom of Portugal. At first these troops were formed by farmers and shepherds originating from the countryside, woods and frontier mountain areas. Later, they were employed as mercenaries in Italy, Latin Greece and the Levant.
==Etymology==
There are several theories as to where this name comes from: in Arabic المغاور ''al-mughāwir'' (the one who provokes riots) or as المخابر ''al-mujābir'' (the carrier of news), and finally a third theory which holds that it comes from the adjective ''gabar'', which translates as "prideful" or "haughty". Similarly the names of their military ranks derive from Arabic.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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