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An amplicon is a piece of DNA or RNA that is the source and/or product of natural or artificial amplification or replication events. It can be formed using various methods including polymerase chain reactions (PCR), ligase chain reactions (LCR), or natural gene duplication. In this context, "amplification" refers to the production of one or more copies of a genetic fragment or target sequence, specifically the amplicon. As the product of an amplification reaction, amplicon is used interchangeably with common laboratory terms, such as PCR product. Artificial amplification is used in research, forensics, and medicine〔 for purposes that include detection and quantification of infectious agents, identification of human remains, and extracting genotypes from human hair.〔 Natural gene duplication is implicated in several forms of human cancer including primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Amplicons in this context can refer both to sections of chromosomal DNA that have been excised, amplified, and reinserted elsewhere in the genome, and to extrachromasomal DNA known as double minutes, each of which can be composed of one or more genes. Amplification of the genes encoded by these amplicons generally increases transcription of those genes and ultimately the volume of associated proteins. ==Amplicon Structure== Amplicons in general are direct repeat (head-to-tail) or inverted repeat (head-to-head or tail-to-tail) genetic sequences, and can be either linear or circular in structure. Circular amplicons consist of imperfect inverted duplications annealed into a circle and are thought to arise from precursor linear amplicons. During artificial amplification, amplicon length is dictated by the experimental goals.〔PCR Primer Design Guidelines. Premier Biosoft: Accelerating Research in Life Sciences. Retrieved from: http://www.premierbiosoft.com/tech_notes/PCR_Primer_Design.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「amplicon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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