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anakinra
Anakinra (brand name Kineret) is a drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. It is an interleukin 1 (IL1) receptor antagonist.
==Mechanism==
Anakinra is a recombinant version of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1-RA). Anakinra differs from native human IL-1Ra in that it has the addition of a single methionine residue at its amino terminus 〔 |url=http://www.kineretrx.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pdfs/Kineret_100_mg_PatientInformation_US.PDF〕 Anakinra blocks the biologic activity of naturally occurring IL-1, including inflammation and cartilage degradation associated with rheumatoid arthritis, by competitively inhibiting the binding of IL-1 to the Interleukin-1 type receptor, which is expressed in many tissues and organs. IL-1 is produced in response to inflammatory stimuli and mediates various physiologic responses, including inflammatory and immunologic reactions. IL-1 additionally stimulates bone resorption and induces tissue damage like cartilage degradation as a result of loss of proteoglycans. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis the natural IL-1 receptor antagonist is not found in effective concentrations in synovium and synovial fluid to counteract the elevated IL-1 concentrations in these patients.
Anakinra is not considered a 'disease-modifying antirheumatic drug' (DMARD) but rather a 'biological response modifier' (BRM) because its able to selectively target the pathologic element of the disease.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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