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angel
An angel is a non-physical entity or spirit found in various religions and mythologies. In Abrahamic religions and Zoroastrianism, angels are often depicted as benevolent celestial beings who act as intermediaries between God or Heaven and Earth, or as guardian spirits or a guiding influence.〔The Free Dictionary () retrieved 1 September 2012〕〔("Angels in Christianity." Religion Facts. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2014 )〕 Other roles of angels include protecting and guiding human beings, and carrying out God's tasks.〔()Augustine of Hippo's ''Enarrationes in Psalmos'', 103, I, 15'', augustinus.it'' 〕 The term "angel" has also been expanded to various notions of spirits found in many other religious traditions. The theological study of angels is known as "angelology".
In art, angels are often depicted with bird-like wings on their back, a halo, robes and various forms of glowing light.〔Angels and the New Race - Page 8, Geoffrey Hodson - 1998〕
== Etymology ==
The word ''angel'' () in English is a blend of Old English ''engel'' (with a hard ''g'') and Old French ''angele''.〔(''Oxford Dictionaries'', "angel" )〕 Both derive from Late Latin ''angelus'' "messenger", which in turn was borrowed from Late Greek ''ángelos''. According to R. S. P. Beekes, ''ángelos'' itself may be "an Oriental loan, like ἄγγαρος (mounted courier' )."〔Beekes, R. S. P., ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 9.〕 The word's earliest form is Mycenaean ''a-ke-ro'' attested in Linear B syllabic script.〔(palaeolexicon.com ); ''a-ke-ro'', Palaeolexicon (Word study tool of ancient languages)〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mycenaean (Linear b) – English Glossary )〕
The ''ángelos'' is the default Septuagint's translation of the Biblical Hebrew term ''mal’ākh'' denoting simply "messenger" without specifying its nature. In the Latin Vulgate, however, the meaning becomes bifurcated: when ''mal’ākh'' or ''ángelos'' is supposed to denote a human messenger, words like ''nuntius'' or ''legatus'' are applied. If the word refers to some supernatural being, the word ''angelus'' appears. Such differentiation has been taken over by later vernacular translations of the Bible, early Christian and Jewish exegetes and eventually modern scholars.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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