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Angst means fear or anxiety (''anguish'' is its Latinate equivalent, and ''anxious,'' ''anxiety'' are of similar origin). The word ''angst'' was introduced into English from the Danish, Norwegian and Dutch word ''angst'' and the German word ''Angst''. It is attested since the 19th century in English translations of the works of Kierkegaard and Freud.〔(merriam-webster.com, "angst" )〕〔(dictionary.com "angst" )〕〔(Online Etymology Dictionary, "angst" )〕 It is used in English to describe an intense feeling of apprehension, anxiety, or inner turmoil. In German, the technical terminology of psychology and philosophy distinguishes between ''Angst'' and ''Furcht'' in that ''Furcht'' is a negative anticipation regarding a concrete threat, while ''Angst'' is a non-directional and unmotivated emotion. In common language, however, ''Angst'' is the normal word for "fear", while ''Furcht'' is an elevated synonym.〔("Furcht" and "Angst" in the DUDEN )〕 In other languages having the meaning of the Latin word ''pavor'' for "fear", the derived words differ in meaning, e.g. as in the French ''anxiété'' and ''peur''. The word ''Angst'' has existed since the 8th century, from the Proto-Indo-European root '' *anghu-'', "restraint" from which Old High German ''angust'' developed.〔http://www.thefreedictionary.com/angst〕 It is pre-cognate with the Latin ''angustia'', "tensity, tightness" and ''angor'', "choking, clogging"; compare to the Ancient Greek ἄγχω (''ankho'') "strangle". == Existentialism == In Existentialist philosophy the term ''angst'' carries a specific conceptual meaning. The use of the term was first attributed to Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard (1813–1855). In ''The Concept of Anxiety'' (also known as ''The Concept of Dread'', depending on the translation), Kierkegaard used the word ''Angest'' (in common Danish, ''angst'', meaning "dread" or "anxiety") to describe a profound and deep-seated condition. Where animals are guided solely by instinct, said Kierkegaard, human beings enjoy a freedom of choice that we find both appealing and terrifying.〔 Kierkegaard's concept of angst reappeared in the works of existentialist philosophers who followed, such as Friedrich Nietzsche, Jean-Paul Sartre and Martin Heidegger, each of whom developed the idea further in individual ways. While Kierkegaard's angst referred mainly to ambiguous feelings about moral freedom within a religious personal belief system, later existentialists discussed conflicts of personal principles, cultural norms, and existential despair. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「angst」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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