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aptitude
An aptitude is a component of a competency to do a certain kind of work at a certain level, which can also be considered "talent". Aptitudes may be physical or mental. Aptitude is developed knowledge, understanding, learned or acquired abilities (skills) or attitude. The innate nature of aptitude is in contrast to achievement, which represents knowledge or ability that is gained through learning.〔(Standardized tests: Mental ability (UC Davis) )〕
== Intelligence ==
Aptitude and intelligence quotient are related, and in some ways differing views of human mental ability. Whereas intelligence quotient sees intelligence as being a single measurable characteristic affecting all mental ability, aptitude often refers to one of many different characteristics which can be independent of each other, such as aptitude for military flight, air traffic control, or computer programming.〔(Standardized tests: Mental ability (UC Davis) )〕 This is more similar to the theory of multiple intelligences.
A single construct such as mental ability, might be measured with multiple tests. Often, these test scores will be correlated with each other. The U.S. Department of Labor's General Learning Ability, for instance, is determined by combining Verbal, Numerical and Spatial aptitude subtests. In a given person some aptitudes might be low and others high. In the context of an aptitude test the "high" and "low" scores are usually not far apart, because all ability test scores tend to be correlated. Aptitude is better applied intra-individually to determine what tasks a given individual is more skilled at performing. Inter-individual aptitude differences are typically not very significant due to IQ differences. Of course this assumes individuals have not already been pre-screened for aptitude through some other process such as SAT scores, GRE scores, or finishing medical school.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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