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autarky
Autarky is the quality of being self-sufficient. Usually the term is applied to political states or their economic systems. Autarky exists whenever an entity can survive or continue its activities without external assistance or international trade. If a self-sufficient economy also ''refuses'' all trade with the outside world then it is called a closed economy.〔(Glossary of International Economics ).〕
Autarky is not necessarily an economic phenomenon; for example, a military autarky would be a state that could defend itself without help from another country, or could manufacture all of its weapons without any imports from the outside world.
Autarky can be said to be the policy of a state or other entity when it seeks to be self-sufficient as a whole, but also can be limited to a narrow field such as possession of a key raw material. For example, many countries have a policy of autarky with respect to foodstuffs〔http://aic.ucdavis.edu/research1/BerlinSumner.pdf〕 and water for national security reasons.
== Etymology ==
The word "autarky" is from the (ギリシア語:αὐτάρκεια), which means "self-sufficiency" (derived from αὐτο-, "self," and ἀρκέω, "to suffice"). The term is sometimes confused with autocracy (Greek: αὐτoκρατία/αὐταρχία "government by single absolute ruler") or autarchy (the idea of rejecting government and ruling oneself and no other).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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