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Automaticity is the ability to do things without occupying the mind with the low-level details required, allowing it to become an automatic response pattern or habit. It is usually the result of learning, repetition, and practice. Examples of automaticity are common activities such as walking, speaking, bicycle-riding, assembly-line work, and driving a car (the last of these sometimes being termed "highway hypnosis"). After an activity is sufficiently practiced, it is possible to focus the mind on other activities or thoughts while undertaking an automatized activity (for example, holding a conversation or planning a speech while driving a car). ==Characteristics of Automaticity== John Bargh (1994), based on over a decade of research, suggested that four characteristics usually accompany automatic behavior:〔 〕 ;Awareness :A person may be unaware of the mental process that is occurring. ;Intentionality :A person may not be involved with the initiation of a mental process. ;Efficiency :Automatic mental processes tend to have a low cognitive load, requiring relatively low mental resources. ;Controllability :A person may not have the ability to stop or alter a process after initiation. Bargh states that these are simply common characteristics, not all are needed for a process to be considered automatic. For instance stereotype activation has been described as an automatic process, it is unintentional and efficient - requiring little effort. However stereotype activation is accompanied by above chance awareness and if conflicting processing goals are available it becomes controlled. Therefore stereotype activation only satisfies two of Barge's criteria, but is still considered to be an example of automatic processing. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「automaticity」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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