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The ''Bandeirantes'' ((:bɐ̃dejˈɾɐ̃t(ʃ)is), "those who carry the flag") were 17th-century Portuguese settlers in Brazil and fortune hunters. This group mostly hailed from the São Paulo region, which was known as the Captaincy of São Vicente until 1709, and subsequently as the Captaincy of São Paulo. They led expeditions called ''bandeiras'' (Portuguese, "flags") which penetrated the interior of Brazil far south and west of the Tordesillas Line of 1494, which officially divided the Spanish (west) domain from the Portuguese (east) domain in South America. The São Paulo settlement served as the home base for the most famous ''bandeirantes.'' Most ''bandeirantes'' were descendants of first- and second-generation Portuguese who settled in São Paulo, but their numbers also included some Spanish (Galicians, Basques, Castilians), and in some cases Italians (Neapolitans, Calabrese). Though they originally aimed to capture and force Indigenous Americans into slavery, the ''bandeirantes'' later began to focus their expeditions on finding gold, silver, and diamond mines. As they ventured into unmapped regions in search of profit and adventure, they expanded the effective borders of the Brazilian colony. ==Bandeiras== The ''bandeiras'' were the expeditions by citizens of the São Paulo region (today called ''Paulistas''), known then as the Captaincy of São Vicente, aimed at enslaving indigenous peoples and finding precious metals and stones. ''Bandeiras'' were composed of Indians (slaves and allies), caboclos, and whites, who were the expeditions' captains. ''Bandeiras'' were not state organized, but rather were privately run, and hence the men paid for their own equipment. This also that the members of the expeditions, at least the non-slaves, willingly and knowingly traversed into the wilderness for months or years at a time. ''Bandeiras'' participated in the Battle of Mbororé, which took place on March 11, 1641. In this battle, the Guaranís of the Jesuit Reductions fought against ''bandeirantes'' and other Portuguese explorers. The course of the ''bandeira'' route was a difficult and perilous one. The men were faced with hunger, fatigue, disease, and death. Despite the fact that the Jesuit missionaries were the chief opponents of the ''bandeirantes'', priests accompanied the ''bandeira'' so to shrive the dying and the dead, as well as to ease the conscience of the men. Priests also held mass for the ''bandeira'' before they left on their expedition. Between 1628 and 1670 the ''bandeiras'' focused on slave hunting, then from 1670 until the early 18th century they focused on mineral wealth. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「bandeirantes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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