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battle
Generally, a battle is a conceptual component in the hierarchy of combat in warfare between two or more armed forces, or combatants. A war sometimes consists of many battles. Battles generally are well defined in duration, area, and force commitment.〔p.65, Dupuy〕
Wars and military campaigns are guided by strategy, whereas battles take place on a level of planning and execution known as operational mobility.〔p.10, Glantz〕 German strategist Carl von Clausewitz stated that "the employment of battles ... to achieve the object of war"〔translation of part quote from p.77, Clausewitz〕 was the essence of strategy.
== Etymology ==
The definition of a battle cannot be arrived at solely through the names of historical battles, many of which are misnomers. The word ''battle'' is a loanword in English from the Old French ''bataille'', first attested in 1297, from Late Latin ''battualia'', meaning "exercise of soldiers and gladiators in fighting and fencing", from Late Latin (taken from Germanic) ''battuere'' "beat", from which the English word ''battery'' is also derived via Middle English ''batri'',〔p.33, Tucker〕 and comes from the staged battles in the Colosseum in Rome that may have numbered 10,000 individuals.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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