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The binturong ( ) (''Arctictis binturong''), also known as bearcat, is a viverrid native to South and Southeast Asia. It is uncommon in much of its range, and has been assessed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because of a declining population trend that is estimated at more than 30% over the last three decades. Thomas Stamford Raffles first described a specimen from Malacca.〔Raffles, T. S. (1822). (''XVII. Descriptive Catalogue of a Zoological Collection, made on account of the Honourable East India Company, in the Island of Sumatra and its Vicinity, under the Direction of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Lieutenant-Governor of Fort Marlborough', with additional Notices illustrative of the Natural History of those Countries'' ). The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Volume XIII: 239–274.〕 In Riau, Indonesia it was known as ''tenturun''.〔Wilkinson, R. J. (1901). (''A Malay-English dictionary'' ) Kelly & Walsh Limited, Hongkong, Shanghai and Yokohama.〕 The binturong is a monotypic genus.〔Pocock, R. I. (1939). (''The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mammalia. – Volume 1'' ). Taylor and Francis, London. Pp. 431–439.〕 Its genus name ''Arctictis'' means ‘bear-weasel’, from Greek ''arkt-'' ‘bear’ + ''iktis'' ‘weasel’.〔Scherren, H. (1902). (''The Encyclopædic Dictionary'' ). Cassell and Company, London.〕 ==Characteristics== The body of the binturong is long and heavy, and low on the legs. It has a thick fur of strong black hair. The bushy and prehensile tail is thick at the root, gradually diminishing in size to the extremity, where it curls inwards. The muzzle is short and pointed, somewhat turned up at the nose, and is covered with bristly hairs, brown at the points, which lengthen as they diverge, and form a peculiar radiated circle round the face. The eyes are large, black and prominent. The ears are short, rounded, edged with white, and terminated by tufts of black hair. There are six short rounded incisors in each jaw, two canines, which are long and sharp, and six molars on each side. The hair on the legs is short and of a yellowish tinge. The feet are five-toed, with large strong claws; the soles are bare, and applied to the ground throughout the whole of their length; the hind ones are longer than the fore.〔 In general build the binturong is essentially like ''Paradoxurus'' and ''Paguma'' but more massive in the length of the tail, legs and feet, in the structure of the scent glands and larger size of rhinarium, which is more convex with a median groove being much narrower above the philtrum. The contour hairs of the coat are much longer and coarser, and the long hairs clothing the whole of the back of the ears project beyond the tip as a definite tuft. The anterior bursa flap of the ears is more widely and less deeply emarginate. The tail is more muscular, especially at the base, and in colour generally like the body, but commonly paler at the base beneath. The body hairs are frequently partly whitish or buff, giving a speckled appearance to the pelage, sometimes so extensively pale that the whole body is mostly straw-coloured or grey, the young being often at all events paler than the adults, but the head is always closely speckled with grey or buff. The long mystacial vibrissae are conspicuously white, and there is a white rim on the summit of the otherwise black ear. The glandular area is whitish.〔 The tail is nearly as long as the head and body, which ranges from ; the tail is long.〔 Some captive binturongs measured from to in head and body with a tail of .〔Arivazhagan, C. and K. Thiyagesan (2001). (''Studies on the Binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'') in captivity at the Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur'' ). Zoos' Print Journal 16 (1): 395–402.〕 Mean weight of captive adult females is with a range from . Captive animals often weigh more than wild counterparts.〔 The binturong is the largest living species of the ''Viverridae'', only rivaled by the African civet.〔Hunter, L. (2011). ''Carnivores of the World''. Princeton University Press, ISBN 9780691152288〕 Females are 20% larger than males. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「binturong」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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