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boffin
A boffin is British slang for a scientist, engineer, or other person engaged in technical or scientific work. The original World War II conception of war-winning researchers means that the term tends to have more positive connotations than related terms like egghead, nerd, or geek.
==Origin==
Originally, the word was armed-forces slang for a technician or research scientist.〔Chris Roberts, ''Heavy Words Lightly Thrown: The Reason Behind Rhyme'', Thorndike Press, 2006 (ISBN 0-7862-8517-6)〕 In 12 January 1953 issue of ''Life'' magazine, a short article on Malcolm Compston depicts him testing "the Admiralty's new plastic survival suit" in the Arctic Ocean; the article, entitled "Cold Bath for a Boffin", defines the term for its American audience as "civilian scientist working with the British Navy" and notes that his potentially life-saving work demonstrates "why the term 'boffin', which first began as a sailor's expression of joking contempt, has become instead one of affectionate admiration."
The origins and etymology of ''boffin'' are otherwise obscure. Linguist Eric Partridge proposed the term derived from Nicodemus Boffin, a character who appears in the novel ''Our Mutual Friend'' by Charles Dickens, who is described there as a "very odd-looking old fellow indeed". In the novel, Mr Boffin pursues a late-life education, employing Silas Wegg to teach him to read.
The word also made a few other appearances in literature prior to World War II. J.R.R. Tolkien used Boffin as a surname for a hobbit family in ''The Hobbit'' (1937), and a Sergeant Boffin appears in ''Mr. Bliss'' (written circa 1932). William Morris has a man called Boffin meet the newly arrived time traveller in his novel ''News from Nowhere'' (1890).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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