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A bookmobile or mobile library is a vehicle designed for use as a library. It is designed to hold books on shelves in such a way that when the vehicle is parked they can be accessed by readers. Mobile libraries are often used to provide library services to villages and city suburbs that have no library buildings. They can also service groups or individuals who have difficulty accessing libraries, for example, occupants of retirement homes. As well as regular books, a bookmobile might also carry large print books, audiobooks, other media, IT equipment, and Internet access. ==History== ''The British Workman'' reported in 1857 a perambulating library operating in a circle of eight villages in Cumbria. A Victorian merchant and philanthropist, George Moore, created the project to "diffuse good literature among the rural population."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=George Moore )〕 The Warrington Perambulating Library, set up in 1858, was another early British mobile library. This horse-drawn van was operated by the Warrington Mechanics' Institute, which aimed to increase the lending of its books to enthusiastic local patrons. Fairfax County, Virginia had a bookmobile operating in the northwestern part of the county in 1890. County-wide bookmobile service was begun in 1940 in a truck loaned by the Works Progress Administration. The WPA support of the bookmobile ended in 1942, but the service did not.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 website= Fairfax County )〕 An early bookmobile in the United States was created in 1904 by the People's Free Library of Chester County, South Carolina, which served rural areas with a mule-drawn wagon carrying wooden boxes of books.〔(【引用サイトリンク】website=Chester County Free Public Library )〕 Another early American bookmobile was developed by Mary Lemist Titcomb〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= The first county bookmobile in the US, Western Maryland Regional Library )〕 (1857–1932). As librarian at the Washington County, Maryland Free Library, Titcomb was concerned that the library was not reaching all the people it could. The annual report for 1902 lists "23 branches", collections of 50 books in a case placed in stores and post offices around the county. Realizing this still failed to reach all of the county's rural residents, in 1905 the Washington County Free Library provided one of the first American book wagons to residents by taking the books directly to their homes in remote parts of the county. Sarah Byrd Askew, a pioneering public librarian, was also an early developer of the bookmobile, driving her Ford Model T outfitted with a book collection to rural areas in New Jersey beginning in 1920. The Hennepin County Public Library (Minneapolis) started operating a bookmobile (then called a book wagon) in 1923.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=In the Beginning )〕 During the Works Progress Administration days of 1936-1943, horse mounted librarians or ''packhorse librarians'' traveled the remote coves and mountainsides of Kentucky and nearby Appalachia bringing books and similar supplies to those who could not make the trip to a library on their own. Sometimes they relied on a centralized contact to help them distribute the materials. The "Library in Action" was a late-1960s Bronx, NY, program aimed to bring books to teenagers of color in under-served neighborhoods. Bookmobiles reached their height of popularity in the mid-twentieth century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「bookmobile」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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