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In theoretical condensed matter physics, Bosonization is a mathematical procedure by which a system of interacting fermions in (1+1) dimensions can be transformed to a system of massless, non-interacting bosons. The method of bosonization was conceived independently by particle physicists Sidney Coleman and Stanley Mandelstam; and condensed matter physicists Daniel Mattis and Alan Luther in 1975.〔 The basic physical idea behind bosonization is that particle-hole excitations are bosonic in character. However, it was shown by Tomonaga in 1950 that this principle is only valid in one-dimensional systems. Bosonization is an effective field theory that focuses on low-energy excitations. This is done for Luttinger liquid theory. Two complex fermions are written as functions of a boson :〔 In actuality, there is a cocycle prefactor to give correct (anti-)commutation relations with other fields under consideration.〕 while the inverse map is given by : All equations are normal-ordered. The changed statistics arises from anomalous dimensions of the fields. == See Also == * Luttinger Liquid 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「bosonization」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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