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bra
A bra () (or brassiere or ) is a form-fitting undergarment designed to support a woman's breasts. A bra is a complex garment made of many parts, and manufacturers' standards and sizes vary widely worldwide. Changing social trends in some Western cultures allowing bras to be seen and novel materials have increased the variety of available designs. Some garments, such as swimsuits, camisoles, tank tops and backless dresses, have built-in breast support, making a separate bra unnecessary. Some modern bras are designed to be more fashionable than functional. Bras were originally designed with the primary function of supporting breasts but have become a fashion item with cultural significance. When a young girl gets her first bra, it may be seen as a rite of passage and symbolic of her coming of age.〔
Sizing systems and methods of bra-measurement vary, such that professional fitters can disagree on the correct size for the same woman. Manufacturers mass-produce bras as ready-to-wear garments and size them to fit standard, idealized, female torsos. As a result, it can be difficult for women to find a bra that fits them correctly, and up to 85% of women may wear an incorrectly sized bra.〔 Between five and twenty-five percent of Western women do not wear a bra, either as a matter of preference or for health or comfort reasons. Some feminists consider bras a symbol of the repression of women's bodies. In the developing world, women often can not afford bras due to a lack of manufacturers and retailers.
== Etymology ==
The term "brassiere" was first used in English in 1893. In 1904, it gained wider acceptance when the DeBevoise Company invoked the fashionable cachet of using the French language by applying the term "brassière" to describe their latest bust supporter in their advertising copy—although the word is actually a Norman French word for a child's undershirt. The French refer to a bra as a soutien-gorge (literally, "breast-supporter").〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brassiere )〕 That product and other early versions of the brassiere resembled a camisole stiffened with boning.〔 ''Vogue'' magazine first used the term in 1907, and by 1911 the word had made its way into the Oxford English Dictionary.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=Michael )〕 On 3 November 1914, the newly formed U.S. patent category for "brassieres" was inaugurated with the first patent issued to Mary Phelps Jacob. In the 1930s, "brassiere" was gradually shortened to "bra".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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