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bretwalda
Bretwalda (also brytenwalda and bretenanwealda) is an Old English word, the first record of which comes from the late 9th century ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle''. It is given to some of the rulers of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms from the 5th century onwards who had achieved overlordship of some or all of the other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. It is unclear whether the word dates back to the 5th century and was used by the kings themselves, or whether it is a later, 9th-century, invention. The term ''bretwalda'' also appears in a charter of Æthelstan.
The rulers of Mercia were generally the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kings from the mid-7th to the early 9th centuries, but are not accorded the title of bretwalda by the ''Chronicle'', which is generally thought to be because of the anti-Mercian bias of the Chroniclers. The ''Annals of Wales'' continued to recognise the kings of Northumbria as 'Kings of the Saxons' until the death of Osred I of Northumbria in 716.
== Bretwaldas ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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