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A breve (, less often ; ; from the Latin ''brevis'' “short, brief”) is the diacritic mark ˘, shaped like the bottom half of a circle. As used in Ancient Greek, it is also called vrachy or brachy. It resembles the caron (the wedge or ''háček'' in Czech), but is rounded, while the caron has a sharp tip. Compare caron: *Ǎ ǎ Ě ě Ǐ ǐ Ǒ ǒ Ǔ ǔ with breve: *Ă ă Ĕ ĕ Ĭ ĭ Ŏ ŏ Ŭ ŭ == Length == The breve sign indicates a short vowel, as opposed to the macron ¯ which indicates long vowels, in academic transcription. It is often used this way in dictionaries and textbooks of Latin, Ancient Greek, Tuareg and other languages. (However, there is a frequent convention of indicating only the long vowels: it is then understood that a vowel with no macron is short.) In Cyrillic script, a breve is used for ''Й''. In Belarusian, it is used for both the Cyrillic ''Ў'' (semivowel U) and in the Latin (Łacinka) ''Ŭ''. ''Ў'' was also used in Cyrillic Uzbek under the Soviet Union. The Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet uses a breve on ''Ӂ'' to represent a voiced postalveolar affricate (corresponding to before a front vowel in the Latin script for Moldovan). In Chuvash, a breve is used for Cyrillic letters (unicode:Ӑ) (''A''-breve) and (unicode:Ӗ) (''E''-breve). In Itelmen orthography, it is used for (unicode:Ӑ), and (unicode:Ў). Note that traditional Cyrillic breve differs in shape, being thicker on the edges of the curve and thinner in the middle, from the Latin one. In Latin types, the shape becomes “ears”-like. In Esperanto, ''u'' with breve ((unicode:ŭ)) represents a non-syllabic ''u'' in diphthongs , analogous to Belarusian ''ў''. In the transcription of Sinhala, the breve over an ''m'' or an ''n'' indicates a prenasalized consonant; for example, ''n̆da'' is used to represent . In the International Phonetic Alphabet, a breve over a phonetic symbol is used to indicate extra shortness. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「breve」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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