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bufotoxin
Bufotoxins are a family of toxic steroid lactones found in the parotoid glands, skin and venom of many toads (genus ''Bufo''); other amphibians; and some plants and mushrooms. The exact composition varies greatly with the specific source of the toxin. It can contain: 5-MeO-DMT, bufagins, bufalin, bufotalin, bufotenin, bufothionine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. The term bufotoxin can also be used specifically to describe the conjugate of a bufagin with suberylargine.
The toxic substances found in toads can be divided by chemical structure in two groups:
* bufadienolides which are cardiac glycosides (e.g. bufotalin, bufogenin)
* tryptamine related substances (e.g. bufotenin)
Toads known to secrete bufotoxin are:
* ''Bufo alvarius''
* ''Bufo americanus''
* ''Bufo arenarum''
* ''Bufo asper''
* ''Bufo blombergi''
* ''Bufo boreas''
* ''Bufo bufo''
* ''Bufo bufo gargarizans''
* ''Bufo formosus''
* ''Bufo fowleri''
* ''Bufo marinus''
* ''Bufo melanostictus''
* ''Bufo peltocephalus''
* ''Bufo quercicus''
* ''Bufo regularis''
* ''Bufo valliceps''
* ''Bufo viridis''
* ''Bufo vulgaris''
==Extraction==
Extract from the skin of certain Asian toads, such as ''Bufo bufo gargarizans'', is often found in certain Chinese folk remedies.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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