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A building or edifice is a structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory.〔 Buildings come in a variety of shapes, sizes and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, to land prices, ground conditions, specific uses and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several needs of society – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasess of artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building practices has also become an intentional part of the design process of many new buildings. == Definitions == The word ''building'' is both a noun and a verb: the structure itself and the act of making it. As a noun, a building is 'a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place'; "there was a three-storey building on the corner"; "it was an imposing edifice". In the broadest interpretation a fence or wall is a building〔Building def. 2. Whitney, William Dwight, and Benjamin E. Smith. ''The Century dictionary and cyclopedia''. vol. 1. New York: Century Co., 1901. 712. Print.〕 However, the word ''structure'' is used more broadly than ''building'' including natural and man-made formations〔Structure. def. 2. ''Merriam-Webster's dictionary of synonyms: a dictionary of discriminated synonyms with antonyms and analogous and contrasted words''.. Springfield, Mass: Merriam-Webster, 1984. 787. Print.〕 and does not necessarily have walls. Structure is more likely to be used for a fence. Sturgis' Dictionary included that "() differs from Architecture () in excluding all idea of artistic treatment; and it differs from Construction () in the idea of excluding scientific or highly skilful treatment."〔Building. def 1. Sturgis, Russell. ''A dictionary of architecture and building: biographical, historical, and descriptive''. vol. 1. New York: The Macmillan Co. ;, 1901. 2236. Print.〕 As a verb, building is the act of construction. ''Structural height'' in technical usage is the height to the highest architectural detail on building from street-level. Depending on how they are classified, spires and masts may or may not be included in this height. Spires and masts used as antennas are not generally included. The definition of a ''low-rise vs. a high-rise'' building is a matter of debate, but generally three storeys or less is considered low-rise.〔Paul Francis Wendt and Alan Robert Cerf (1979), ''Real estate investment analysis and taxation'', McGraw-Hill, p. 210〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「building」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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