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bunraku
, also known as ''Ningyō jōruri'' (), is a form of traditional Japanese puppet theatre, founded in Osaka in 1684. Three kinds of performers take part in a bunraku performance: the ''Ningyōtsukai'' or ''Ningyōzukai'' (puppeteers), the ''Tayū'' (chanters) and ''shamisen'' musicians. Occasionally other instruments such as taiko drums will be used.
The most accurate term for the traditional puppet theater in Japan is . The combination of chanting and shamisen playing is called ''jōruri'' and the Japanese word for puppet (or dolls, generally) is ''ningyō''. It is used in many plays.
Bunraku puppetry has been a documented traditional activity for Japanese for hundreds of years.
==History==
Bunraku's history goes as far back to the turn of the 18th century when Uemura Bunrakuken came to Osaka from Awaji and began his own theatre. Originally, the term ''Bunraku'' referred only to the particular theater established in 1805 in Osaka, which was named the ''Bunrakuza'' after the puppeteering ensemble of Uemura Bunrakuken (植村文楽軒, 1751-1810), an early 18th-century puppeteer on Awaji, whose efforts revived the flagging fortunes of the traditional puppet theater.〔:ja:植村文楽軒〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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