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carduus
''Carduus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, and the tribe Cynareae, the thistles. It is one of two genera considered to be "true thistles", the other being ''Cirsium''.〔Jordon-Thaden, I. E. and S. M. Louda. (2003). (Chemistry of ''Cirsium'' and ''Carduus'': a role in ecological risk assessment for biological control of weeds? ) ''Biochemical Systematics and Ecology'' 31(12), 1353-96.〕 Plants of the genus are known commonly as plumeless thistles.〔(''Carduus''. ) Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).〕〔(''Carduus''. ) Flora of North America.〕 They are native to Eurasia and Africa, and several are known elsewhere as introduced species.〔 This genus is noted for its disproportionately high number of noxious weeds compared to other flowering plant genera.〔Schmidt, J. P. and J. M. Drake. (2011). (Why are some plant genera more invasive than others? ) ''PloS ONE'' 6(4), e18654.〕
==Etymology==
The genus name ''Carduus'' is from the Latin for "a kind of thistle"〔(''Carduus''. ) The Jepson eFlora 2013.〕 or "thistlelike plant".〔 It is related to the word ''Cardonnacum'' ("a place of chardons or thistles"), which is the origin of Chardonnay, the name of the grape variety.〔(Chardonnay. ) Viticultural Information. UC Integrated Viticulture, University of California.〕
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