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chastisement
Chastisement is the infliction of corporal punishment as defined by law.
==Minors==
English common law allowed parents and others who have "lawful control or charge" of a child to use “moderate and reasonable” chastisement or correction. A ruling in 1860 by Chief Justice Cockburn stated: “By the law of England, a parent ... may for the purpose of correcting what is evil in the child, inflict moderate and reasonable corporal punishment, always, however, with this condition, that it is moderate and reasonable.” It was left to the courts to decide what is meant by “moderate and reasonable” in any particular case.〔(Lawfulness of corporal punishment )〕
The rights of parents, guardians and teachers, in regard to the chastisement of children, were expressly recognized in English law by the Prevention of Cruelty to Children Act 1904 (§ 28). A master had a right to inflict moderate chastisement upon his apprentice for neglect or other misbehaviour, provided that he did so himself, and that the apprentice was under age (Archbold, Cr. Pl., 23rd ed., 795).〔("Corporal punishment" ), Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, 1911]〕
Currently in England and Wales, section 58 of the Children Act 2004 enables parents to justify common assault of their children as "reasonable punishment", but prevents the defence being used in relation to more serious assault charges.〔(Lawfulness of corporal punishment )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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