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cheongsam
The cheongsam (, or ) is a body-hugging one-piece Chinese dress for women, also known in Mandarin Chinese as qipao (旗袍; Wade-Giles ch'i-p'ao), and Mandarin gown in English. The stylish and often tight-fitting cheongsam or qipao (chipao) that is best known today was created in the 1920s in Shanghai and made fashionable by socialites and upper class women.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Qipao (Ch'i-p'ao) )〕
== Chinese language usage ==
The English loanword ''cheongsam'' comes from ''chèuhngsāam'' (Simp./Trad. Chinese: 长衫/長衫, 'long shirt/dress'), the Cantonese pronunciation of the Shanghainese term ''zǎnze'' or ''zansae'', by which the original tight-fitting form was first known. The Shanghainese name was somewhat in contrast with usage in Mandarin and other Chinese dialects, where ''chángshān'' (the Mandarin pronunciation of 長衫) refers to an exclusively male dress (see changshan) and the female version is known as a ''qípáo''.
In Hong Kong, where many Shanghai tailors fled to after the communist revolution in China, the word ''chèuhngsāam'' may refer to either male or female garments. The word ''keipo'' (''qípáo'') is either a more formal term for the female ''chèuhngsāam'', or is used for the two-piece cheongsam variant that is popular in China. Traditionally, usage in Western countries mostly followed the original Shanghainese usage and applies the Cantonese-language name ''cheongsam'' to a garment worn by women.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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