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chondrodystrophy
Chondrodystrophy (literally, "cartilage maldevelopment") refers to a skeletal disorder caused by one of myriad genetic mutations that can affect the development of cartilage. As a very general term it is only used in the medical literature when a more precise description of the condition is unavailable.
==Presentation==
People with chondrodystrophy have a normal-sized trunk and abnormally short limbs and extremities (Dwarfism). Those affected with the disorder often call themselves dwarves, little people or short-statured persons. Over 100 specific skeletal dysplasias have been identified. Chondrodystrophy is found in all races and in both females and male and occurs in around one of every 25,000 children. Chondrodystrophy and Achondroplasia are the most common forms of genetic hyaline disorders.
Hyaline cartilage caps the long bones and the spinal vertebrae. Most childhood limb growth takes place at the ends of the long bones, not in the shaft. Normally, as a child grows, the most interior portion of the joint cartilage converts into bone, and new cartilage forms on the surface to maintain smooth joints. The old joint margins (edges) reabsorb, so that the overall shape of the joint is maintained as growth continues. Failure of this process throughout the body results in skeletal dysplasia. It also leads to very early onset of osteoarthritis, because the defective cartilage is extremely fragile and vulnerable to normal wear and tear.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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