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circumlocution
Circumlocution (also called circumduction, circumvolution, periphrasis, or ambage〔"Ambage" in (American Heritage ), and (Dictionary.com )〕) is locution that circles around a specific idea with multiple words rather than directly evoking it with fewer and apter words. It is sometimes a necessary tool of communication (for example, in getting around lexical gaps to overcome untranslatability), but it is also often a flaw in communication (for example, when it is a figure of speech that is unnecessarily ambiguous and obscure). ''Ambiguity'' means that information can have multiple meanings. Roundabout speech refers to using many words (such as "''a tool used for cutting things such as paper and hair''") to describe something for which a concise (and commonly known) expression exists ("scissors"). The vast majority of definitions found in dictionaries are circumlocutory. Circumlocution is often used by aphasics and people learning a new language, where in the absence of a word (such as "abuelo" ()) the subject can simply be described ("el padre de su padre" (father of one's father'' )). Euphemism, innuendo, and equivocation are different types of ambiguous and roundabout language (i.e. circumlocution).
==Euphemism==
(詳細はtaboo, such as words which are, or could be, considered offensive. Euphemism, however, is only sometimes circumlocutory. For example, "Holy mother of Jesus!" is a circumlocution of "Mary!", but "heck", while still euphemistic, is not a circumlocution of "hell".
Euphemistic circumlocution is also used to avoid saying "unlucky words"—words which are taboo for reasons connected with superstition: for example, calling the devil "Old Nick",〔"Speak of the devil, and he will appear" is the proverb.〕 calling Macbeth "the Scottish Play" or saying "baker's dozen" instead of thirteen.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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