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citole
Citole, also spelled Sytole, Cytiole, Gytolle, etc. (probably a French diminutive form of ''cithara'', and not from Latin ''cista'', a box), an archaic musical instrument, similar and a distant ancestor of the modern guitar of which the exact form is uncertain. It is generally shown as a four-string instrument, with a body generally referred to as "holly-leaf" shaped.
The citole is frequently mentioned by poets of the 13th to the 15th centuries, and is found in Wycliffe's Bible (1360) in 2 Samuel vi. 5: "''Harpis and sitols and tympane''". The Authorized Version has ''psaltiries'', and the Vulgate ''lyrae''. It has been supposed to be〔 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6, ''CITOLE'' 〕 another name for the psaltery, a box-shaped instrument often seen in the illuminated missals of the Middle Ages, and is also liable to confusion with the gittern; whether the terms overlapped in medieval usage has been the subject of modern controversy.
==British Museum citole==
There is a surviving instrument from Warwick Castle that was made around 1290-1300, that is now in the British Museum's collection.〔British Museum Highlights ()〕 At some point, probably in the sixteenth century, it was converted into a violin-type instrument with a tall bridge, 'f'-holes and angled fingerboard; thus, the instrument's top is not representative of its original appearance.
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