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The term clairvoyance (/klerˈvɔɪəns/)〔http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/clairvoyance〕 (from French ''clair'' meaning "clear" and ''voyance'' meaning "vision") is the alleged ability to gain information about an object, person, location or physical event through extrasensory perception,.〔(Britannica Online Encyclopedia ), Retrieved 2007-10-07. The ESP entry includes clairvoyance〕 A person who has this ability is called a clairvoyant (/klerˈvɔɪənt/)〔http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/clairvoyant_1〕 ("one who sees clearly"). Claims for the existence of paranormal and psychic abilities such as clairvoyance have not been supported by scientific evidence published in high impact factor peer reviewed journals.〔Carroll, Robert Todd. (2003). ("Clairvoyance" ). Retrieved 2014-04-30.〕 Parapsychology explores this possibility, but the existence of the paranormal is not accepted by the scientific community.〔 * Bunge, Mario. (1983). ''Treatise on Basic Philosophy: Volume 6: Epistemology & Methodology II: Understanding the World''. Springer. p. 226. ISBN 90-277-1635-8 "Despite being several thousand years old, and having attracted a large number of researchers over the past hundred years, we owe no single firm finding to parapsychology: no hard data on telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, or psychokinesis." * Stenger, Victor. (1990). ''Physics and Psychics: The Search for a World Beyond the Senses''. Prometheus Books. p. 166. ISBN 0-87975-575-X "The bottom line is simple: science is based on consensus, and at present a scientific consensus that psychic phenomena exist is still not established." * Zechmeister, Eugene; Johnson, James. (1992). ''Critical Thinking: A Functional Approach''. Brooks/Cole Pub. Co. p. 115. ISBN 0534165966 "There exists no good scientific evidence for the existence of paranormal phenomena such as ESP. To be acceptable to the scientific community, evidence must be both valid and reliable." * Hines, Terence. (2003). ''Pseudoscience and the Paranormal''. Prometheus Books. p. 144. ISBN 1-57392-979-4 "It is important to realize that, in one hundred years of parapsychological investigations, there has never been a single adequate demonstration of the reality of any psi phenomenon."〕 Parapsychology, including the study of clairvoyance, is an example of pseudoscience. ==Usage== Pertaining to the ability of clear-sightedness, clairvoyance refers to the paranormal ability to see persons and events that are distant in time or space. It can be divided into roughly three classes: precognition, the ability to perceive or predict future events, retrocognition, the ability to see past events, and remote viewing, the perception of contemporary events happening outside of the range of normal perception.〔Melton, John. (2001). ''The Encyclopedia of Occultism & Parapsychology''. p. 297. Gale Group, Detroit. ISBN 978-0810385702.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「clairvoyance」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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