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The cornet 〔(pronunciation of ''cornet'' in the Oxford Learner's Dictionaries )〕 is a brass instrument very similar to the trumpet or French Horn, distinguished by its conical bore, compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B, though there is also a soprano cornet in E. Both are unrelated to the renaissance and early baroque cornett. ==History== The cornet was initially derived from the post horn around 1820 in France. Among the first manufacturers of modern cornets was Parisian Jean Asté in 1828. Cornets first appeared as separate instrumental parts in 19th century French compositions.〔''Encyclopedia Britannica'', Micropedia, Volume III, William Benton, Chicago Illinois, 1974, p. 156〕 This instrument could not have been developed without the improvement of piston valves by Heinrich Stölzel and Friedrich Blühmel. In the early 19th century these two instrument makers almost simultaneously invented the valves still used today. They jointly applied for a patent and were granted this for a period of ten years. The first notable virtuoso player was Jean-Baptiste Arban, who studied the cornet extensively and published ''La grande méthode complète de cornet à piston et de saxhorn'', commonly referred to as the ''Arban method'', in 1864.〔''Method for Trumpet'', Jean-Baptiste Arban, Carl Fisher & Co, NY, NY 1982〕 Up until the early 20th century, the trumpet and cornet coexisted in musical ensembles. Symphonic repertoire often involves separate parts for trumpet and cornet. As several instrument builders made improvements to both instruments, they started to look and sound more alike. The modern day cornet is used in brass bands, concert bands, and in specific orchestral repertoire that requires a more mellow sound.〔''The American History and Encyclopedia of Music'', W.C. Hubbard (ed.), "Musical Instruments", George W. Andrews, Irving Square, NY, NY, 1924〕 The name cornet derives from corne, meaning ''horn'', itself from Latin cornus. While not musically related, instruments of the Zink family (which includes serpents) are named "cornetto- " with a tonal or pitch related Latin word following the hyphen to describe the particular variant. The 11th edition of the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' referred to serpents as "old wooden cornets".〔''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', Hugh Chisolm (ed.), NY, NY, 1911, p. 675〕 The Roman/Etruscan cornu (or simply "horn") is the lingual ancestor of these. It is a predecessor of the post horn from which the cornet evolved and was used like a bugle to signal orders on the battlefield.〔 The instrument was once sometimes referred to as a cornopean, referencing the earliest cornets with the Stölzel valve system. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cornet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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