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The ''Cornuti'' ("horned") was an ''auxilia palatina'' unit of the Late Roman army, active in the 4th and 5th century. It was probably related to the ''Cornuti seniores'' and the ''Cornuti iuniores''. == History == According to some scholars, they are depicted on the Arch of Constantine, as the soldiers who are shown wearing horned helmets. On the relief representing the Battle of Verona (312) they are in the first lines, and they are depicted fighting with the bowmen in the relief of the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.〔Michael Speidel, ''Ancient Germanic warriors: warrior styles from Trajan's column to Icelandic sagas'', Routledge, 2004, ISBN 0-415-31199-3, p. 47.〕 The ''Cornuti'' belonged to the ''comitatus'' of Gaul, and is attested on the northern border since 355. In 357 it was led by the ''tribunus'' Bainobaudes in an attack against the Alemanni who had attacked the Roman territory and had later retired on a small island. In that same year, the ''Cornuti'' fought the Alemanni in the Battle of Argentoratum, under the command of the ''Caesar'' Julian. When the Alamannic cavalry caused the Roman ''equites'' to flee, the ''Cornuti'' and its twin unit, the ''Brachiati'', held the enemy horsemen until Julian rallied the Roman cavalry and brought them back in battle. Despite the Romans being victorious, Bainobaudes, the tribune of the ''Cornuti'' was killed. The ''Cornuti'' and the ''Brachiati'' were famous for their ''barritus'', a combination of shout and dance step.〔Speidel, p. 116.〕 The ''Notitia Dignitatum'', a document describing civil and military offices in the Western Roman Empire around 420 and in the Eastern Roman Empire in 395 circa, records the existence of the ''Cornuti seniores'' under the command of the ''magister peditum praesentalis'' of the West.〔''Notitia dignitatum, pars Occidentalis'', v.〕 The same source records the existence of the ''Cornuti iuniores'', who fought in the Battle of Adrianople (378) and later part the army of the ''magister militum praesentalis'' of the East.〔''Notitia dignitatum, pars Orientalis'', vi.〕 Later the ''Cornuti iuniores'' were sent to guard the ''Porta Aurea'' of Constantinople together with the ''Leones iuniores'', as testified by an inscription date to 413.〔Simon MacDowall, ''Late Roman Infantryman'', pag. 50.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cornuti」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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