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coxsackievirus
Coxsackievirus is a virus that belongs to a family of nonenveloped, linear, positive-sense ssRNA viruses, ''Picornaviridae'' and the genus ''Enterovirus'', which also includes poliovirus and echovirus. Enteroviruses are among the most common and important human pathogens, and ordinarily its members are transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Coxsackieviruses share many characteristics with poliovirus. With control of poliovirus infections in much of the world, more attention has been focused on understanding the nonpolio enteroviruses such as coxsackievirus.
Coxsackieviruses are among the leading causes of aseptic meningitis (the other usual suspects being echovirus and mumps virus).
The entry of Coxsackieviruses into cells, especially endothelial cells, are mediated by ''Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor''.
==Groups==
Coxsackieviruses are divided into group A and group B viruses based on early observations of their pathogenicity in neonatal mice. Group A coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a flaccid paralysis (which was caused by generalized myositis) while group B coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a spastic paralysis (due to focal muscle injury and degeneration of neuronal tissue). At least 23 serotypes (1–22, 24) of group A and six serotypes (1–6) of group B are recognized.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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