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coywolf
Coywolf (sometimes called woyote) is an informal term for a canid hybrid descended from coyotes and one of three other North American ''Canis'' species, the gray, eastern and red wolf. Coyotes are closely related to eastern and red wolves, having diverged 150,000–300,000 years ago and evolved side by side in North America, thus facilitating hybridization.〔 In contrast, hybrids between coyotes and gray wolves, which are Eurasian in origin and diverged from coyotes 1–2 million years ago, are extremely rare. Such hybridization in the wild has only been confirmed in isolated gray wolf populations in the southern USA, while several specimens were produced in captivity via artificial insemination from sperm extracted from northwestern gray wolves introduced to female western coyotes.
==Description==
Hybrids of any combination tend to be larger than coyotes, and show behaviors intermediate between coyotes and the other parent's species.〔 In one captive hybrid experiment, six F1 hybrid pups from a male northwestern gray wolf and a female coyote were measured shortly after birth with an average on their weights, total lengths, head lengths, body lengths, hind foot lengths, shoulder circumferences, and head circumferences compared with those on pure coyote pups at birth. The results found that, despite being delivered by a female coyote, the hybrid pups at birth were much larger and heavier than regular coyote pups born and measured around the same time.〔 At six months of age, these hybrids were closely monitored at the Wildlife Science Center. Executive Director Peggy Callahan at the facility states that the howls of these hybrids are said to start off much like regular gray wolves with a deep strong vocalization, but changes partway into a coyote-like high pitched yipping.〔Riese, Clive (March 19, 2014), (Wildlife Science Center partners in study impacting wolf controversy ), ''Forest Lake Times''〕
Compared with pure coyotes, Eastern wolf-coyote hybrids have been recorded forming more cooperative social groups and are generally less aggressive with each other while playing.〔Bekoff, M. (1978). "Behavioral Development in Coyotes and Eastern Coyotes", pp. 97–124 in M. Bekoff, (ed.) ''Coyotes: Biology, Behavior, and Management''. Academic Press, New York. ISBN 1930665423.〕 Hybrids also reach sexual maturity when they are two years old, which is much later than occurs in pure coyotes.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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