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crayfish
Crayfish, also known as crawfish, crawdads, freshwater lobsters, or mudbugs, are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related; taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills and are found in bodies of water. Some species are found in brooks and streams where there is fresh water running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and rice paddies. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species such as ''Procambarus clarkii'' are hardier. Crayfish feed on living and dead animals and plants.
==Names==
The name "crayfish" comes from the Old French word ' (Modern French ''フランス語:écrevisse''). The word has been modified to "crayfish" by association with "fish" (folk etymology).〔 The largely American variant "crawfish" is similarly derived.〔
Some kinds of crayfish are known locally as lobsters, crawdads, mudbugs,〔 and yabbies. In the Eastern United States, "crayfish" is more common in the north, while "crawdad" is heard more in central and southwestern regions, and "crawfish" further south, although there are considerable overlaps.
The study of crayfish is called astacology.〔(【引用サイトリンク】archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050405165844/http://147.72.68.29/crayfish/IAA/ )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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