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Cruelty is indifference to suffering, and even pleasure in inflicting it. Sadism can also be related to this form of action or concept. Cruel ways of inflicting suffering may involve violence, but affirmative violence is not necessary for an act to be cruel. For example, if a person is drowning and begging for help, and another person is able to help, but merely watches with disinterest or perhaps mischievous amusement, that person is being cruel — rather than violent. George Eliot stated that "cruelty, like every other vice, requires no motive outside of itself; it only requires opportunity." Bertrand Russell stated that "the infliction of cruelty with a good conscience is a delight to moralists. That is why they invented Hell."〔 Gilbert K. Chesterton stated that "cruelty is, perhaps, the worst kind of sin. Intellectual cruelty is certainly the worst kind of cruelty."〔 ==Usage in law== The term ''cruelty'' is often used in law and criminology with regard to the treatment of animals, children, spouses, and prisoners.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cruelty )〕 When cruelty to animals is discussed, it often refers to ''unnecessary suffering.'' In criminal law, it refers to punishment, torture, victimization, draconian measures, and cruel and unusual punishment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cruelty to animals )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Animal Cruelty Law & Legal Definition )〕 In divorce cases, many jurisdictions permit a cause of action for cruel and inhumane treatment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cruel and Inhuman Treatment Law & Legal Definition )〕 In law, cruelty is "the infliction of physical or mental distress, especially when considered a determinant in granting a divorce." 〔The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cruelty」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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