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In architecture, a cupola is a small, most often dome-like, structure on top of a building. Often used to provide a lookout or to admit light and air, it usually crowns a larger roof or dome. The word derives, via Italian, from the lower Latin ''cupula'' (classical Latin ''cupella'' from the Greek κύπελλον ''kupellon'') "small cup" (Latin ''cupa'') indicating a vault resembling an upside down cup.〔In Italian ''cupola'' simply means dome, and the ornamental top element is called ''lanterna''.〕 File:Montefiascone cupola.JPG|Cupolas on the towers of Montefiascone Cathedral, Italy. File:Cupola ceiling Synagogue Gyor Hungary.jpg|Interior of cupola ceiling in the old Synagogue of Győr, Hungary. File:Great Mosque Minaret - Kairouan, Tunisia.jpg|Ribbed cupola crowns the minaret of the Mosque of Uqba, in Kairouan, Tunisia. File:Cupola - Armenian Orthodox church in Lvov.jpg|Inside of Armenian Orthodox church cupola in Lviv, Ukraine. File:Old Barn at Brookwood Farm MA 02.jpg|Cupolas were also used on some old barns for ventilation. File:Cupola caboose.jpg|A cupola-style caboose with an ''angel seat'' above The cupola is a development during the Renaissance of the oculus, an ancient device found in Roman architecture, but being weatherproof was superior for the wetter climates of northern Europe. The chhatri, seen in Indian architecture, fits the definition of a cupola when it is used atop a larger structure. Cupolas often appear as small buildings in their own right. They often serve as a belfry, belvedere, or roof lantern above a main roof. In other cases they may crown a spire, tower, or turret. 〔 Barns often have cupolas for ventilation. The square, dome-like segment of a North American railroad train caboose is also called a cupola. Some armored fighting vehicles have cupolas, called commander's cupola, which is a raised dome or cylinder with armored glass to provide 360-degree vision around the vehicle.〔 〕 ==See also== * Daylighting 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cupola」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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