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Cyanine is a non-systematic name of a synthetic dye family belonging to polymethine group. The word cyanin is from the English word “cyan", which conventionally means a shade of blue-green (close to "aqua") and is derived from the Greek “kyanos" which means a somewhat different color: "dark blue". Cyanines were and are still used in industry, and more recently in biotechnology (labeling, analysis). Cyanines have many uses as fluorescent dyes, particularly in biomedical imaging. Depending on the structure, they cover the spectrum from IR to UV. There are a large number reported in the literature. == Structure == There are three types of cyanines: * ''Streptocyanines'' or ''open chain cyanines'': : R2N+=CH()''n''-NR2 (I) * ''Hemicyanines'': : Aryl=N+=CH()''n''-NR2 (II) * ''Closed chain cyanines'':〔Johannes, H.H.: (''Cyanine: Direkte Funktionalisierung, Oligomerisierung, linear und nichtlinear optische Eigenschaften'' ), Dissertation TU Braunschweig, 2000〕 : Aryl=N+=CH()''n''-N=Aryl (III) where two nitrogens are joined by a polymethine chain. Both nitrogens are each independently part of a heteroaromatic moiety, such as pyrrole, imidazole, thiazole, pyridine, quinoline, indole, benzothiazole, etc. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cyanine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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