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demimonde
''Demi-monde'' refers to a group of people who live hedonistic lifestyles, usually in a flagrant and conspicuous manner. The term was commonly used in Europe from the late 19th to the early 20th century, and contemporary use has an anachronistic character. Its connotations of pleasure-seeking often contrasted with wealth and ruling class behavior.
The term was often used as one of disapprobation, the behavior of a person in the demimonde being contrary to more traditional or bourgeois values. Such behaviors often included drinking or drug use, gambling, high spending (particularly in pursuit of fashion, as through clothing as well as servants and houses), and sexual promiscuity. The term ''demimondaine'' referred to a woman who embodied these qualities; later it became a euphemism for a courtesan or prostitute.
The term 'demi-monde' is French for "half-world". It derives from a comedy by Alexandre Dumas fils published in 1855 called ''Le Demi-Monde''.〔(Le Demi-monde, by Alexander Dumas (fils) )〕
== Decline ==
As the 20th century dawned, changing social mores resulted in the demarginalization of the demimonde. Women's suffrage and the flapper movements resulted in the label ''demimondaine'' becoming obsolete. The term commonly used to refer to the class that became 'starving artists'.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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