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Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is inflammation of the skin. It is characterized by itchy, erythematous, vesicular, weeping, and crusting patches. The term ''eczema'' is also commonly used to describe atopic dermatitis〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.acpmedicine.com/acpmedicine/institutional/bestRxDx.action;jsessionid=D1F3669B916671AA91F32934D21DC08A?bookId=ACP&chapId=part02_ch04&readerFlag= )〕 also known as atopic eczema.〔 In some languages, dermatitis and eczema are synonyms, while in other languages dermatitis implies an acute condition and eczema a chronic one. The cause of dermatitis is unclear.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/eczema/basics/causes/con-20032073 )〕 One possibility is a dysfunctional interplay between the immune system and skin. The term ''eczema'' is broadly applied to a range of persistent skin conditions. These include dryness and recurring skin rashes that are characterized by one or more of these symptoms: redness, skin swelling, itching and dryness, crusting, flaking, blistering, cracking, oozing, or bleeding. Areas of temporary skin discoloration may appear and are sometimes due to healed injuries. Scratching open a healing lesion may result in scarring and may enlarge the rash. Treatment is typically with moisturizers and steroid creams.〔 If these are not effective, creams based on calcineurin inhibitors may be used.〔 The disease was estimated as of 2010 to affect 230 million people globally (3.5% of the population). While dermatitis is not life-threatening, a number of other illnesses have been linked to the condition, including osteoporosis, depression, and heart disease.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Eczema linked to other health problems )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Eczema woes more than skin deep )〕 ==Classification== The term "eczema" refers to a set of clinical characteristics. Classification of the underlying diseases has been haphazard and unsystematic, with many synonyms used to describe the same condition. A type of eczema may be described by location (e.g. hand eczema), by specific appearance (eczema craquele or discoid), or by possible cause (varicose eczema). Further adding to the confusion, many sources use the term eczema for the most common type of eczema (atopic dermatitis) interchangeably. The European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) published a position paper in 2001, which simplifies the nomenclature of allergy-related diseases including atopic and allergic contact eczemas. Non-allergic eczemas are not affected by this proposal. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「dermatitis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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