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dexamethasone
Dexamethasone is a type of steroid medication.〔 It is used in the treatment of rheumatic problems, a number of skin diseases, severe allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, croup, brain swelling, and along with antibiotics in tuberculosis, among others.〔 In adrenocortical insufficiency it should be used together with a medication that has greater mineralocorticoid effects such as fludrocortisone.〔 In preterm labor it may be used to improve outcomes in the baby.〔 It may be taken by mouth, as an injection into a muscle, or intravenously.〔 The effects of dexamethasone are frequently seen within a day and last for about three days.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/dexamethasone.html )〕
The long term use of dexamethasone may result in thrush, bone loss, cataracts, easy bruising, or muscle weakness.〔 It is pregnancy category C in the United States and class A in Australia, meaning it has been frequently used in pregnancy and not been found to cause problems to the baby.〔 It should not be taken when breastfeeding.〔 Dexamethasone has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects.〔
Dexamethasone was first made in 1957. It is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. Dexamethasone is not expensive.〔 In the United States a month of medication typically costs less than 25 USD.〔 In India a course of treatment for preterm labor is about 0.5 USD.〔 It is available in most areas of the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/committees/expert/19/applications/Dexamethasone_29_C_NI.pdf )〕
==Medical use==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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