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diazotroph
Diazotrophs are bacteria and archaea that fix atmospheric nitrogen gas into a more usable form such as ammonia.
A diazotroph is an organism that is able to grow without external sources of fixed nitrogen. Examples of organisms that do this are rhizobia and ''Frankia'' (in symbiosis) and ''Azospirillum''. All diazotrophs contain iron-molybdenum or -vanadium nitrogenase systems. Two of the most studied systems are those of ''Klebsiella pneumoniae'' and ''Azotobacter vinelandii''. These systems are used because of their genetic tractability and their fast growth.
==Types of diazotrophs==
Diazotrophs are scattered across bacterial taxonomic groups (mostly in the Bacteria but also a couple of Archaea). Even within a species that can fix nitrogen there may be strains that do not fix nitrogen.〔 Fixation is shut off when other sources of nitrogen are available, and, for many species, when oxygen is at high partial pressure. Bacteria have different ways of dealing with the debilitating effects of oxygen on nitrogenases, listed below.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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