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''Dingir'' (usually transliterated ''diĝir'', pronounced ) is a cuneiform sign, most commonly the determinative for "deity" although it has related meanings as well. As a determinative, it is not pronounced, and is conventionally transliterated as a superscript "D" as in e.g. DInanna. Generically, ''dingir'' can be translated as "god" or "goddess".〔Edzard, 2003〕 The sign in Sumerian cuneiform (DIĜIR, 20px )〔By assyriological convention, capitals identify a cuneiform sign, while the phonemic value of a sign in a given context is given in lower case. See also Sumerogram.〕 by itself represents the Sumerian word ''an'' ("sky" or "heaven"),〔Hayes, 2000〕 the ideogram for ''An'' or the word ''diĝir'' ("god"), the supreme deity of the Sumerian pantheon. In Assyrian cuneiform, it (AN, DIĜIR, 20px) could be either an ideogram for "deity" (''ilum'') or a syllabogram for ''an'', or ''ìl-''. In Hittite orthography, the syllabic value of the sign was again ''an''. The concept of "divinity" in Sumerian is closely associated with the heavens, as is evident from the fact that the cuneiform sign doubles as the ideogram for "sky", and that its original shape is the picture of a star. The original association of "divinity" is thus with "bright" or "shining" hierophanies in the sky. A possible loan relation of Sumerian ''dingir'' with Turkic ''Tengri'' "sky, sky god" has been suggested.〔Mircea Eliade, John C. Holt, ''Patterns in comparative religion'', 1958, p. 94. The connection of ''dingir'' and Old Turkic ''tengere'' was made by F. Hommel in ''Grundriss der Geographie und Geschichte des alten Orients'' (1928). P. A. Barton in ''Semitic and Hamitic Origins'' (1934) suggested that the Mesopotamian sky god Anu may have been imported from Central Asia to Mesopotamia. The similarity of ''dingir'' and ''tengri'' was noted as early as 1862 (i.e. during the early phase of the decipherment of the Sumerian language, before even the term "Sumerian" had been coined to refer to it), by George Rawlinson in his ''The Five Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World'' (p. 78).〕 ==Cuneiform sign== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「dingir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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