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Disconnection is the severance of all ties between a Scientologist and a friend, colleague, or family member deemed to be antagonistic towards Scientology. The practice of disconnection is a form of shunning.〔 Among Scientologists, disconnection is viewed as an important method of removing obstacles to one's spiritual growth. In some circumstances, disconnection has ended marriages and separated children from their parents.〔 The Church of Scientology has repeatedly denied that such a policy exists,〔〔〔 though as of February 2012 its website acknowledged the practice and described it as a human right.〔("What is Disconnection" explanation by Church of Scientology )〕 In the United States, the Church has tried to argue in court that disconnection is a constitutionally protected religious practice. However, this argument was rejected because the pressure put on individual Scientologists to disconnect means it is not voluntary.〔 ==Policy== Antagonists to the Church of Scientology are declared by the Church to be ''antisocial personalities'', ''Potential Trouble Sources'' (PTS), or ''Suppressive Persons'' (SPs). The Church teaches that association with these people impedes a member's progress along the Bridge to Total Freedom. In ''Introduction to Scientology Ethics'', L. Ron Hubbard sets out the doctrine that by being connected to Suppressive Persons, a Scientologist could become a Potential Trouble Source (PTS): A Scientologist can become PTS by reason of being connected to someone that is antagonistic to Scientology or its tenets. In order to resolve the PTS condition, he either HANDLES the other person's antagonism (as covered in the materials on PTS handling) or, as a last resort when all attempts to handle have failed, he disconnects from the person. He is simply exercising his right to communicate or not to communicate with a particular person. He defined ''handling'' as an action to lessen a situation towards an antagonistic individual by means of communication, and ''disconnection'' as a decision to cut communication with another individual.〔 Hubbard also wrote that Scientology Ethics Officers should recommend handling rather than disconnection when the antagonistic individual is a close relative. He also stated that failure, or refusal, to disconnect from a Suppressive Person is a Suppressive Act by itself. In one case cited by the UK Government, a six-year-old girl was declared Suppressive for failing to disconnect from her mother.〔 Sociologist Roy Wallis reports that Scientologists connected to a suppressive would usually be required to handle ''or'' disconnect, although he found some "Ethics Orders" which ordered unconditional disconnection.〔 According to Church statements, disconnection is used as a "last resort," only to be employed if the persons antagonistic to Scientology do not cease their antagonism — even after being provided with "true data" about Scientology, since it is taught that usually only people with false data are antagonistic to the Church.〔Church of Scientology (What is Disconnection? ) (archive.org copy of website Retrieved on 2008-05-16)〕 Originally, disconnection involved not only ending communication with someone but also declaring it publicly.〔〔Hubbard, L. Ron (23 December 1965) HCO Policy Letter "Suppressive Acts" reproduced in 〕 The Scientology publication ''The Auditor'' included notices of disconnection from named individuals. It was also common for Scientologists to send short letters to the suppressive person, to warn them that they were disconnected.〔 Roy Wallis interviewed a number of people who had been declared suppressive, some of whom had received hundreds of these letters. The Scientologist was also required to take "any required civil action such as disavowal, separation or divorce" to cut off contact with the suppressive.〔 The policy was introduced in 1965 in a policy letter written by Hubbard.〔 The "Code of Reform" introduced by Hubbard in 1968 discontinued Fair Game and Security Checks, and cancelled "disconnection as a relief to those suffering from familial suppression."〔Hubbard, L. Ron (29 November 1968) "Code of Reform" reproduced in 〕 In reality, these practices were never discontinued, however, the words "Fair Game," "Disconnection," and "Security Checking" were discontinued, as the use of these words caused bad public relations.〔 When the New Zealand Government set up a Commission of Inquiry into Scientology, L. Ron Hubbard wrote to them saying that disconnection had been cancelled and that there was no intention to bring it back. The Commission welcomed the letter, but noted Hubbard did not promise never to re-introduce the practice of disconnection.〔 In his book ''A Piece of Blue Sky'', Jon Atack cites an internal document dated August 1982 that, he alleges, re-introduced the disconnection policy.〔Scientology Policy Directive 28 "Suppressive Act - Dealing with a Declared Suppressive Person" 13 August 82. cited in Atack (1990), p. 35〕 A belief that disconnection was being used again, and not as a last resort, led a group of British Scientologists to resign from the Church in 1984, while keeping their allegiance to the beliefs of Scientology. Their interpretation was that the teachings of L. Ron Hubbard "encourage the unity of the family" and therefore that the disconnection policy was "a misrepresentation or misapplication". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「disconnection」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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