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divalent : ウィキペディア英語版
divalent
In chemistry, a divalent (sometimes bivalent〔(Explanation on numerical prefixes )〕) element, ion, functional group or molecule has a valence of two. Valency is the number of chemical bonds formed, which may be covalent, polar covalent or ionic.
Examples:
* Divalent elements include calcium and sulfur. While the bonds formed by calcium are ionic; sulfur can form covalent bonds as in H2S or ionic bonds as in Na2S.
* Divalent anions have a charge of −2, for example S2− and SO42−.
* Divalent cations have a charge of +2, for example Fe2+, Ca2+ and Hg22+.
* Divalent functional groups include the imino (=NH) and carbonyl (=O).
==Water Hardness==
(詳細はlimescale.〔World Health Organization (Hardness in Drinking-Water ), 2003〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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