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A divan or diwan ((ペルシア語:دیوان), ''dīwān'') was a high governmental body in a number of Islamic states, or its chief official (see ''dewan''). Divan is also a male first name, which is very popular in South Africa. However, the origin of Divan as a name is unknown. ==Etymology== The word, recorded in English since 1586, meaning "Oriental council of a state," from Turkish ''divan'', from Arabic ''diwan''. It is first attested in Middle Persian spelled as ''dpywʾn'' and ''dywʾn'', itself hearkening back, via Old Persian, Elamite and Akkadian, ultimately to Sumerian ''dub'', clay tablet. The word was borrowed into Armenian as well as ''divan''; on linguistic grounds this is placed after the 3rd century, which helps establish the original Middle Persian (and eventually New Persian) form was ''dīvān'', not ''dēvān'', despite later legends that traced the origin of the word to the latter form. The variant pronunciation ''dēvān'' however did exist, and is the form surviving to this day in Tajiki Persian. In Arabic, the term was first used for the army registers, then generalized to any register, and by metonymy applied to specific government departments. The sense of the word evolved to "custom house" and "council chamber," then to "long, cushioned seat," such as are found along the walls in Middle-Eastern council chambers. The latter is the sense that entered European languages as divan (furniture). The modern French, Spanish, and Italian words ''douane'', ''aduana'', and ''dogana,'' respectively (meaning "customs house"), also come from ''diwan''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「divan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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