|
An earworm, sometimes known as a brainworm,〔 is a catchy piece of music that continually repeats through a person's mind after it is no longer playing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Oxford University Press )〕 Phrases used to describe an earworm include ''musical imagery repetition'', ''involuntary musical imagery'', and ''stuck song syndrome''. The word ''earworm'' is a calque from the German '.〔("earworm" ), wordspy.com〕 The earliest known usage is in Desmond Bagley's 1978 novel ''Flyaway''.〔Desmond Bagley, ''(Flyaway )'' (1978), p. 41: "I fell into a blind, mindless rhythm and a chant was created in my mind what the Germans call an 'earworm' something that goes round and round in your head and you can't get rid of it. One bloody foot before the next bloody foot."〕 Researchers who have studied and written about the phenomenon include Theodor Reik, Sean Bennett, Oliver Sacks,〔 Daniel Levitin, James Kellaris, Philip Beaman, Vicky Williamson, and, in a more theoretical perspective, Peter Szendy. The phenomenon is common and should not be confused with palinacousis, a rare medical condition caused by damage to the temporal lobe of the brain that results in auditory hallucinations. ==Research and cures== According to research by James Kellaris, 98% of individuals experience earworms. Women and men experience the phenomenon equally often, but earworms tend to last longer for women and irritate them more. Kellaris produced statistics suggesting that songs with lyrics may account for 73.7% of earworms, whereas instrumental music may cause only 7.7%. In a 2006 book by Daniel Levitin entitled ''This Is Your Brain on Music: The Science of a Human Obsession'', he states that research has shown musicians and people with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are more likely to suffer from earworm attacks. An attack usually involves a small portion of a song, a hook, equal to or less than the capacity of one's auditory short-term memory. Levitin reports that capacity as usually 15 to 30 seconds. Simple tunes are more likely to get stuck than complex pieces of music. He also mentions that in some situations, OCD medications have been known to minimize the effects.〔 In 2010, published data in the ''British Journal of Psychology'' directly addressed the subject, and its results support earlier claims that earworms are usually 15 to 30 seconds in length.〔 Scientists at Western Washington University found that engaging the working memory in moderately difficult tasks (such as anagrams, Sudoku puzzles, or reading a novel) was an effective way of stopping earworms and of reducing their recurrence.〔(Got a song stuck in your head? Solving an anagram can help get rid of it ), Daily Mail, 24 March 2013〕 Another publication points out that melodic music has a tendency to demonstrate repeating rhythm which may lead to endless repetition, unless a climax can be achieved to break the cycle. Research reported in 2015, by the School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences at the University of Reading, suggested that chewing gum could help.〔()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「earworm」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|