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eastphalia
Eastphalia ((ドイツ語:Ostfalen); Eastphalian: ''Oostfalen'') is a historical region in northern Germany, encompassing the eastern ''Gaue'' (shires) of the historic stem duchy of Saxony, roughly confined by the River Leine in the west as well as the Elbe and Saale in the east. The territory corresponds with the southeastern part of the present-day states of Lower Saxony, western Saxony-Anhalt and northern Thuringia. Together with Westphalia, central Angria and Nordalbingia it was one of the four main Saxon administrative regions. It should not be confused with East Westphalia (''Ostwestfalen'').
==Etymology==
The name ''Ostfalen'' probably means "east plain". ''Falen'' is a Germanic word meaning "flat", "level" and "plain" and is related to the Old Swedish word ''fala'', found today in place names such as Falbygden and Falun, as well as in the northern German town of Fallstedt.〔Dieter Thierbach, (''Rätsel des Alltags: Jeder kennt Westfalen – gibt es auch Ostfalen?'' ), RP-online.de (August 9, 2005). Retrieved February 2, 2011. 〕 The North German Plain of Eastphalia and Westphalia, divided by the Weser river, stand in contrast to the hilly region to the south, the Central Uplands of Franconia and Thuringia. Unlike the name Westphalia, that was perpetuated by the Duchy of Westphalia held by the Archbishops of Cologne, the name Eastphalia gradually fell out of use when the Saxon stem duchy dissolved upon the deposition of Duke Henry the Lion in 1180.〔
German linguists reintroduced the term in the 19th century in the course of researching the Eastphalian language as a West Low German dialect. With the rise of racial studies in the 19th and early 20th century, mention began to be made – notably by Hans F. K. Günther〔Hans F. K. Günther, ''Rassenkunde des deutschen Volkes'', München (J. F. Lehmann) 1922.〕 – of a "Phalian" subtype (''fälische Rasse'') of an "Aryan race" according to the occult concept of Helena Blavatsky and her Ariosophic followers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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