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echinocyte
Echinocyte (from the Greek word ''echinos'', meaning 'hedgehog' or 'sea urchin'), in human biology and medicine, refers to a form of red blood cell that has an abnormal cell membrane characterized by many small, evenly spaced thorny projections.〔Mentzer WC. Spiculated cells (echinocytes and acanthocytes) and target cells. UpToDate (release: 20.12- C21.4) ()〕 A more common term for these cells is burr cells.
==Physiology==
Echinocytes are frequently confused with acanthocytes, but the mechanism of cell membrane alteration is different. Echinocytosis is a reversible condition of red blood cells that is often merely an artifact produced by EDTA, which is used as an anticoagulant in sampled blood.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Burr Cells (Echinocytes) )〕 Echinocytes can be distinguished from acanthocytes by the shape of the projections, which are smaller and more numerous than in acanthocytes and are evenly spaced. Echinocytes also exhibit central pallor, or lightening of color in the center of the cell under Wright staining.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Acanthocytosis )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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