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ectogenesis
Ectogenesis (from the Greek ''ecto'', "outer," and ''genesis'') is the growth of an organism in an artificial environment〔(yourdictionary.com > ectogenesis ) In turn citing: Webster's New World College Dictionary, 2010 by Wiley Publishing〕 outside the body in which it would normally be found, such as the growth of an embryo or fetus outside the mother's body, or the growth of bacteria outside the body of a host.〔(ectogenesis ). CollinsDictionary.com. Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved September 23, 2012〕 The term was coined by British scientist J.B.S. Haldane in 1924.〔http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8519.1987.tb00006.x?r3_referer=wol&tracking_action=preview_click&show_checkout=1〕
==Human embryos and fetuses==
Ectogenesis of human embryos and fetuses would require an artificial uterus. An artificial uterus would have to be supplied by nutrients and oxygen from some source to nurture a fetus, as well as dispose of waste material. There would likely be a need for an interface between such a supplier, filling this function of the placenta. An artificial uterus, as a replacement organ, could be used to assist women with damaged, diseased or removed uteri to avail the fetus to be conceived to term. It also has the potential to move the threshold of fetal viability to a much earlier stage of pregnancy. This would have implications for the ongoing controversy regarding human reproductive rights.
Ectogenesis could also be a means by which homosexuals and single men could have genetic offspring without the use of a Surrogate pregnancy or Sperm Donor, and allow women to have children without going through the pregnancy cycle.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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