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|Section2= |Section3= }} Ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid) is a natural compound found in several species of bacteria. It is a compatible solute which serves as a protective substance by acting as an osmolyte and thus helps organisms survive extreme osmotic stress. Ectoine is found in high concentrations in halophilic microorganisms and confers resistance towards salt and temperature stress. Ectoine was first identified in the microorganism ''Ectothiorhodospira halochloris'', but has since been found in a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Some other species ectoine was found in: * ''Marinococcus halophilus'' * ''Pseudomonas stutzeri'' * ''Halomonas elongata'' ==Biosynthesis== Ectoine is synthesized in three successive enzymatic reactions starting from aspartic β-semialdehyde. The genes involved in the biosynthesis are called ''ectA'', ''ectB'' and ''ectC'' and they encode the enzymes L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid acetyltransferase, L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid transaminase, and L-ectoine synthase respectively. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ectoine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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