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electroanalgesia
Electroanalgesia is a form of analgesia, or pain relief, that uses electricity to ease pain. Electrical devices can be internal or external, at the site of pain (local) or delocalized throughout the whole body. It works by interfering with the electric currents of pain signals, inhibiting them from reaching the brain and inducing a response; different from traditional analgesics, such as opiates which mimic natural endorphins and NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) that help relieve inflammation and stop pain at the source. Electroanalgesia has a lower addictive potential and poses less health threats to the general public, but can cause serious health problems, even death, in people with other electrical devices such as pacemakers or internal hearing aids, or with heart problems.
==History==
The first cases of electroanalgesia were documented by Greek scholars, Plutarch and Socrates, who noticed numbing effects of standing in pools of water on a beach that contained electric fish.〔(Jack E., Richard R. Conn, Gary Hazelrigg, and John E. Hewett. "The Use of Transcutaneous Neural Stimulation and Isokinetic Testing in Arthroscopic Knee Surgery." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 13 (1985): 27-33 ).〕 The Chinese practice of acupuncture, dating back to 3000 BCE, also utilizes the properties of electroanalgesia by stimulating specific nerves to produce electrical signals which produce pleasurable responses in the brain.〔(Paul F. "Electroanalgesia: Does it have a place in the routine management of acute and chronic pain?" Anesthesia and Analgesia 98 (2004): 1197-198. ).〕 Another ancient analgesic method, aging back to 5000 BCE in Sumer, is to use natural minerals, vitamins, and herbs, usually in a mixture with other natural products. Technology invented specifically for electroanalgesia emerged at the beginning of the 1900s.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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