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In chemistry and manufacturing, electrolysis is a technique that uses a direct electric current (DC) to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction. Electrolysis is commercially highly important as a stage in the separation of elements from naturally occurring sources such as ores using an electrolytic cell. The voltage that is needed for electrolysis to occur is called the decomposition potential. ==History== The word electrolysis comes from the Greek (:ɛ̌ːlektron) "amber" and ' (:lýsis) "dissolution". *1785 – Martinus van Marum's electrostatic generator was used to reduce tin, zinc, and antimony from their salts using electrolysis.〔The Supplement (1803 edition) to Encyclopedia Britannica 3rd edition (1797), volume 1, page 225, "Mister Van Marum, by means of his great electrical machine, decomposed the calces of tin, zinc, and antimony, and resolved them into their respective metals and oxygen" and gives as a reference Journal de Physiques, 1785.〕 *1800 – William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle (view also Johann Ritter), decomposed water into hydrogen and oxygen. *1807 – Potassium, sodium, barium, calcium and magnesium were discovered by Sir Humphry Davy using electrolysis. *1833 – Michael Faraday develops his two laws of electrolysis, and provides a mathematical explanation of his laws. *1875 – Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovered gallium using electrolysis. *1886 – Fluorine was discovered by Henri Moissan using electrolysis. *1886 – Hall-Héroult process developed for making aluminium *1890 – Castner-Kellner process developed for making sodium hydroxide 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「electrolysis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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